Improvement in looms



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No. 222,943. Patented Dec. 23, 1879.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIoEc AMOS PETTIS, OF WAUKESHA, WISCONSIN; SAMUEL A. RANDLES ADMIN- ISTRATOR OF THE ESTATE OF SAID AMOS PETTIS, DEOEASED.

IMPROVEMENT IN LOOMS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 222,943, dated December 23, 1879; application iiled December 15, 1876.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, AMos PETTrs, of Waukesha, in the county of Vaukesha and State of Wisconsin, have invented certain Improvements in Looms, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to looms for weaving figured fabrics 5 and it consists in the details of construction hereinafter described, and then pointed out in the claims.

Figure 1 represents a front-end elevation of my loom; Fig. 2, a side elevation of the same; Fig. 3, a horizontal section of the same on the line of Fig. 2, lookin g downward; Fig. 4, a vertical section on the line m2 co2 of Fig. 3; Fig. 5, an elevation of the lower part of the loom, looking from the side opposite to that shown in Fig. 2, with a portion ot' the frame broken away to expose other parts to view, Fig. 6, a perspective view, showing the upper ends of the latches or jacks through which the harness is moved and the frame for depressing the jacks; Figs. 7 and 8, side views of the treadles and actuating-cams; Fig. 9, an end view, showing the two treadles and cams; Fig. 10, views showing the two frames separately, and also in the relative positions in which they are used, Fig. 11, a side and an end view, respectively, of the lever and cam by which motion is imparted to the pattern-roll; Fig. 12, side views of the jacks or catches; Fig. 13, plan and edge views of the guides by which the jacks or catches are held in position; Fig. 14, a plan view of the catch 'for holding up the arm by which the pattern-roll is actuated; Fig. 15, a plan and a side view of the presser-rods by which the catches or jacks are caused to engage with the frames.

In carrying my invention into practice the loom may be of the ordinary construction, eX- cept in the particulars hereinafter specified, the reeds, the harness, and the shuttle having the ordinary mode of operation.

A represents the frame of the loom, from which the reeds, the shuttle, and the actuating devices are omitted as being unnecessary to the understanding of my invention, and as being in the way of a view of the other parts.

B represents a transverse driving-shaft, provided with two cams, C and D, to operate the treadles for moving the harness to open and close the shed ot' the warp.

It will be noticed that the cam G, which serves to open the shed, is made with two long concentric faces, a, as shown in Fig. 7, in order that it may hold the shed open, and that the cam D, which closes the shed, has two pointed ends, so that it will act quickly, and for an instant only. E and F are two horizontal levers, provided at their rear ends with rolls b, bearing on the cams C D, respectively, the levers serving` to transmit motion from the cams to the devices connected immediately with the harness-operating devices. The levers are pivoted at or near the middle, and each has its pivot mounted in a metal plate, c, slotted and secured to the lever by bolts d, so that it may be moved lengthwise of the lever. The pivots are sustained in bearings c,

which are also slotted and secured by bolts,

so that they may be adjusted in the direction of the length of the levers. By thus adjusting the pivots and their bearings with reference to the levers the latter may be given more or less play at the forward ends, and the shed thereby opened to a greater or less extent, as required.

At the end oi' the main frame there are two upright vertically-sliding frames, Gr and H the former connected by an intermediate link with the lever E, and the latter with the lever F, and the two connected with each other by means oi' cords J, passing over pulleys f, as shown in Figs. l and 2. The purpose of these frames is to raise and lower upright jacks I, which latter are connected, one with each heddle K, as shown in Fig. 4, cords g being passed from the upper and lower ends of the jack, over pulleys h, to the corresponding ends of the heddle K, so that when the jack is lowered the heddle is raised, and vice versa.

The jack-operating frame Gr, which stands on the outside of the jacks I, consists, as shown in Figs. 1, 4, and 10, of an upright frame provided with a transverse bar, 7c, to engage in notches l in the front edges of the jacks, and

with an inwardly-turned lower end, o, to surround and act against the lower'ends of the jacks. The frame His of similar form, with a bar, m, to engage in notches m in the rear edges of the jacks, and with its upper instead otits lower end turned inward, to surround and bear upon the ends of thejacks, as shown in Figs. 4 and 6.

The jacks are guided and prevented from turning or shifting laterally by tixed guideplates L, such as shown. in Figs. 3, 6, and 13, and are moved edgewise in order to effect their engagement with one or the other ofthe frames.

The edgewise motion of the jacks is effected by means of sliding' spring-pressure rods q, which bear against lugs on the sides of the jacks and push them outward, and by means of the pattern-roll M, which is arranged trailsversely in front of the jacks, and provided with studs or pins acting against pendent arms s, which latter rest one against the front of each jack.

An intermittent rotary motion is imparted to the pattern-roll by providing its end with a ratchet-wheel, t, Fig. l, and a loose collar carrying a pawl, a, which engages in the wheel.

The collar and pawl receive a reciprocating orvibrating action by means of a strap, fu, attached thereto, and connected at one end with a spiral spring, w, and at the other end with an elbow-lever, a, which latter is actuated by means of a rotary cam, b.

In order to hold the lever after being moved back by the cam, so as to permit the patternroll to remain at rest, a catch, c', is arranged to engage automatically with the lever, a second cam, d', being mounted on the same shaft with the cam b', to throw the catch c back, and thereby release the lever a at the proper time.

In order to hold the pattern-roll, its end has a notched disk, a", held by a roller on the lever b, which is, in turn, held down by spring c", as in Fig. 2. rlhe lever yielding permits the roll to be turned by the pawl, but prevents it from moving' backward.

The shaft which carries the cams b and d receives motion through a pulley and chain from the shaft which carries the main harnessoperating cams, as shown in Fig. 2.

The loom, being constructed as above, operates in the following manner: First, the cam C, acting upon the rear end of lever E, causes it to draw the frame G downward, and the latter, through the connecting-cords J, causes the frame H to move upward. This action of moving the frames apart causes them to move the jacks I, which are engaged with them, respectively, in such manner as to move the heddles K and spring the warp. The long concentric faces of the cams C cause them to hold the lever up and keep the shed open a considerable length of time. During this period the shuttle is thrown, and immediately thereafter the cam C releases the lever, and after a short interval the caml D acts upon the lever F, which draws the frame H downward, said frame at the same time, th rough the cord connection J, lifting' the frame Gr upward, so that the two frames are closed together. As the frames are thus closed togethertheirhorizontal ends o and 11 act against the ends ofthe jacks I, as in Figs. 4. and 6, and push them inward until the ends and notches of all the jacks stand in line, the effect of which on the heddles is to close the shed and present a flat warp. At this time all the jacks are pressed outward by the rods q toward the outer gate, G. rlhe cam d then disengages the catch o from the lever a', and the cam b, acting 011 said lever, causes the strap e and pawl a to turn the pattern-roll M forward one-fourth of a revolution, the effect of which is, that the pins of the roll press back those jacks which control the required heddles, so as to hook them upon the bar m oi the inner g'ate, H, and hold them thereon. Then the movement of the frames occurs the jacks hooked to the inner frame are moved thereby in one direction, while the others are moved by the depressorbar k of frontframe, G,in the opposite direction, whereby the heddles are caused to shift the threads and spring the warp. The frames are then closed again to bring the jacks into line and close the shed, and then the pattern-roll again moves to determine which jacks each gate shall move at the next action, and so on repeatedly.

The most satisfactory operation of my improved devices is secured when the other parts are so arranged that the shuttle will be thrown while the warp is held open by the cam C, and that before the lathe leaves the fabric the warp will be sprung one-fourth its distance, so as to hold the last weft-thread securely in place. The arrangement will also be such that when the lathe is about an inch from `the fell, when beating up, the warp will be flat, so that the weaver may readily mend the threads, no matter how many heddles there may be in the loom. The instant the lathe starts, the warp will commence, under the action of cam C, to spring, and by the time the lathe reaches the fell the warp will be sprung one-eighth. In asmuch as the shuttle and lathe driving devices are of ordinary construction and operation, it was deemed unnecessary to show them in the drawings.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is- 1. In combination with the patternroll, the roll-operating lever a', and its actuating-cam b', the latch o and cam d', for controlling the operation of the lever, as described.

2. rlhe combination of the heddles, the operating-earns C D, and the intermediate levers,

E F, arranged to be operated at one end by the cams, and connected at the opposite end, by means substantially such as described, with the heddles, and each mounted at its middleV and the locking nicchzL-nisin, consisting' ci' the upon a fuicrnm adjustable lengthwise of the notched disk a and anni bf.

lever, whereby the two ends or mns of the lems Ver may be varied in length, and the move- AMOS PETTIS. ment of the heddles thereby increased or dimark minished Without changing the cams o1' levers. In presence of 3. In combination with the pattern-roll M7 A. J. FRAME, the operating mechanism, consisting of the C. E. SAWYER.

wheel u, pztwi t, strap c, spring w, and cznn b', 

